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BioXFEL Publications 4 Apr 2019 Contributor(s): Lan Zhu, Derek Mendez, Chufeng Li, GANESH SUBRAMANIAN, Zachary Dobson, Shangji Zhang, Uwe Weierstall, John Spence, Petra Fromme, Nadia Zatsepin, Vadim Cherezov, Wei Liu
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205225251900263x Since the first successful serial crystallography (SX) experiment at a synchrotron radiation source, the popularity of this approach has continued to grow showing that third-generation synchrotrons can be viable alternatives to scarce X-ray free-electron laser sources. Synchrotron radiation flux may be…
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Mix and Inject: Reaction Initiation by Diffusion for Time-Resolved Macromolecular Crystallography
BioXFEL Publications 12 May 2013 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt
Time-resolved macromolecular crystallography unifies structure determination with chemical kinetics, since the structures of transient states and chemical and kinetic mechanisms can be determined simultaneously from the same data.… This has particular disadvantages that are circumvented when active substrate is directly provided…
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Pump-Probe Time-Resolved Serial Femtosecond Crystallography at X-Ray Free Electron Lasers
BioXFEL Publications 22 Jul 2020 Contributor(s): suraj pandey, Ishwor Poudyal, Tek Narsingh Malla
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10070628 With time-resolved crystallography (TRX), it is possible to follow the reaction dynamics in biological macromolecules by investigating the structure of transient states along the reaction coordinate.… Here, we review the recent developments, opportunities, and challenges of pump-probe TRX at…
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Determining the Mechanism of DJ-1 Using Mix-and-Inject Synchrotron Serial Crystallography
BioXFEL Publications 10 Apr 2025 Contributor(s): Kara Zielinski, Lois Pollack
https://doi.org/10.1063/4.0000378 Determining the molecular basis of enzyme catalytic activity is a central challenge in biochemistry.… We used pink beam mix-and-inject serial crystallography (MISC) at the Advanced Photon Source (BioCARS 14-ID) to follow the conversion of methylglyoxal to L-lactate by human DJ-1 using serial Laue…
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Approaches to time-resolved diffraction using an XFEL
BioXFEL Publications 25 Mar 2014 Contributor(s): John Spence
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4fd00025k John C. H. Spence Spence, J.C.H., 2014. Approaches to time-resolved diffraction using an XFEL.… , 171, pp.429–438. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4fd00025k. NSF-STC Biology with X-ray Lasers (NSF-1231306) We describe several schemes for time-resolved imaging of molecular motion…
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Dynamics retrieval from stochastically weighted incomplete data by low-pass spectral analysis
BioXFEL Publications 16 Aug 2022 Contributor(s): Ahmad Hosseinizadeh, Gebhard F.X. Schertler, Abbas Ourmazd
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/4.0000156 Time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography (TR-SFX) provides access to protein dynamics on sub-picosecond timescales, and with atomic resolution.… To tackle these issues, one established procedure is that of splitting the data into time bins, and averaging the multiple measurements of…
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Filling data analysis gaps in time-resolved crystallography by machine learning
BioXFEL Publications 21 Jan 2025 Contributor(s): Russell Fung, Peter Schwander, Ahmad Hosseinizadeh
https://doi.org/10.1063/4.0000280 There is a growing understanding of the structural dynamics of biological molecules fueled by x-ray crystallography experiments.… Nevertheless, this technique comes with some limitations. One major challenge is the quality of data from TR-SFX measurements, which often faces issues like data…
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Early-stage dynamics of chloride ion–pumping rhodopsin revealed by a femtosecond X-ray laser
BioXFEL Publications 22 Mar 2021 Contributor(s): Chufeng Li, suraj pandey, Mark S. Hunter, Uwe Weierstall, Nadia Zatsepin, John Spence, Marius Schmidt, haiguang liu
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020486118 Chloride ion–pumping rhodopsin (ClR) in some marine bacteria utilizes light energy to actively transport Cl− into cells.… Here, we show the dynamics of ion transport observed with time-resolved serial femtosecond (fs) crystallography using the Linac Coherent Light…
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Spectral encoding method for measuring the relative arrival time between x-ray/optical pulses
BioXFEL Publications 29 Aug 2014
journal-article http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4893657 Bionta, M.R. et al., 2014. Spectral encoding method for measuring the relative arrival time between x-ray/optical pulses.
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Integrative, dynamic structural biology at atomic resolution—it's about time
BioXFEL Publications 31 Mar 2015 Contributor(s): James Fraser
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.3324 Henry van den Bedem and James S Fraser Van den Bedem, H.… S., 2015. Integrative, dynamic structural biology at atomic resolution—it’s about time.
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BioXFEL Publications 11 Sep 2023 Contributor(s): Nadia Zatsepin, Masahide Hikita, Chelsie E Conrad, Garrett Charles Nelson, Jesse David Coe, Shibom Basu, Mark S. Hunter, Petra Fromme
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.3c07803 journal-article NSF-STC Biology with X-ray Lasers (NSF-1231306) Ishigami, I., Carbajo, S., Zatsepin, N., Hikita, M., Conrad, C. E., Nelson, G., Coe, J., Basu, S., Grant, T., Seaberg, M. H., Sierra, R. G., Hunter, M. S., Fromme, P., Fromme, R., Rousseau, D. L., & Yeh, S.-R. (2023). Detection of a Geminate…
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BioXFEL Publications 8 Sep 2021 Contributor(s): suraj pandey, George Douglas Calvey, Andrea Katz, Tek Narsingh Malla, Faisal Hammad Mekky Koua, Ishwor Poudyal, Jay-How Yang, Kara Zielinski, Matthias Frank, Rebecca Jeanne Jernigan, Mitchell Miller, Garrett Charles Nelson, Abbas Ourmazd, John Spence, Peter Schwander, Henry Chapman, Petra Fromme, George Phillips, Lois Pollack, Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252521008125 Here, we illustrate what happens inside the catalytic cleft of an enzyme when substrate or ligand binds on single-millisecond timescales.… The high repetition rate of the EuXFEL combined with our mix-and-inject technology enables the initial phase of ceftriaxone binding to the…
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Co-flow injection for serial crystallography at X-ray free-electron lasers
BioXFEL Publications 16 Dec 2021 Contributor(s): Diandra Doppler, Sahir Ilyas Gandhi, Ana Egatz-Gomez, Mukul Sonker, Joe Chen, Faisal Hammad Mekky Koua, Victoria Mazalova, Megan Shelby, Max Oliver Wiedorn, Mark S. Hunter, Ahmad Hosseinizadeh, Reza Nazari, Konstantinos Karpos, Zachary Dobson, Erin Discianno, Shangji Zhang, James D Zook, Gihan Kaushylal Ketawala, Natasha Stander, Peter Schwander, Marius Schmidt, Marc Messerschmidt, Abbas Ourmazd, Nadia Zatsepin, Uwe Weierstall, Henry Chapman, Matthias Frank, John Spence, Sabine Botha, Petra Fromme, Richard Kirian, Alexandra Ros
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576721011079 Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) is a powerful technique that exploits X-ray free-electron lasers to determine the structure of macromolecules at room temperature.… Samples requiring liquid injection of crystal slurries consume large quantities of crystals (at times up to a gram…
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Dismantling antibiotic resistance one variant at a time: in vitro and computational analysis of VatD
BioXFEL Publications 11 Feb 2022 Contributor(s): James Fraser
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.2487 journal-article Kelley, A. M., Macdonald, C. B., & Fraser, J. (2022). Dismantling antibiotic resistance one variant at a time: in vitro and computational analysis of VatD.
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BioXFEL Publications 24 Nov 2014
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2014.278 journal-article Helml, W. et al., 2014. Measuring the temporal structure of few-femtosecond free-electron laser X-ray pulses directly in the time domain.
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Synchronous RNA conformational changes trigger ordered phase transitions in crystals
BioXFEL Publications 19 Mar 2021 Contributor(s): Chelsie E Conrad, Max Oliver Wiedorn, Chufeng Li, Mark S. Hunter, Nadia Zatsepin, suraj pandey, Marius Schmidt, John Spence, Henry Chapman
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21838-5 AbstractTime-resolved studies of biomacromolecular crystals have been limited to systems involving only minute conformational changes within the same lattice.… Here we report the synchronous behavior of the adenine riboswitch aptamer RNA in crystal during ligand-triggered isothermal…
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BioXFEL Publications 4 Dec 2014 Contributor(s): Shibom Basu, Nadia Zatsepin, Kanupriya Pande, Matthias Frank, Mark S. Hunter, Christopher Kupitz, Chelsie E Conrad, Jesse David Coe, Shatabdi Roy-Chowdhury, Uwe Weierstall, Peter Schwander, Abbas Ourmazd, John Spence, Petra Fromme, Henry Chapman, Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1259357Jason Tenboer and Shibom Basu and Nadia Zatsepin and Kanupriya Pande and Despina Milathianaki and Matthias Frank and Mark Hunter and Sébastien Boutet and Garth J.… Koglin and Dominik Oberthuer and Michael Heymann and Christopher Kupitz and Chelsie Conrad and Jesse Coe and Shatabdi…
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Time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography at the European XFEL
BioXFEL Publications 18 Nov 2019 Contributor(s): suraj pandey, Ishwor Poudyal, Christopher Kupitz, Mark S. Hunter, Austin Echelmeier, Diandra Doppler, Matthias Frank, Faisal Hammad Mekky Koua, Victoria Mazalova, Abbas Ourmazd, Peter Schwander, Henry Chapman, Alexandra Ros, Petra Fromme, Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0628-z journal-article NSF-STC Biology with X-ray Lasers (NSF-1231306) Pandey, S.… , 2019. Time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography at the European XFEL.… Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0628-z. Suraj Pandey and Richard Bean and Tokushi Sato and…
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BioXFEL Publications 16 Jan 2020 Contributor(s): Diana Monteiro, Martin Trebbin
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252519016865 Serial crystallography has enabled the study of complex biological questions through the determination of biomolecular structures at room temperature using low X-ray doses.… However, the study of many biologically relevant targets is still severely hindered by high sample consumption and…
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Biological function investigated by time-resolved structure determination
BioXFEL Publications 21 Feb 2023 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/4.0000177 Inspired by recent progress in time-resolved x-ray crystallography and the adoption of time-resolution by cryo-electronmicroscopy, this article enumerates several approaches developed to become bigger/smaller, faster, and better to gain new insight into the molecular mechanisms of life.… …
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Mix-and-diffuse serial synchrotron crystallography
BioXFEL Publications 9 Oct 2017 Contributor(s): Max Oliver Wiedorn, Kanupriya Pande, Henry Chapman
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252517013124 Unravelling the interaction of biological macromolecules with ligands and substrates at high spatial and temporal resolution remains a major challenge in structural biology. The development of serial crystallography methods at X-ray free-electron lasers and subsequently at synchrotron light sources allows…
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The primary structural photoresponse of phytochrome proteins captured by a femtosecond X-ray laser
BioXFEL Publications 31 Mar 2020 Contributor(s): suraj pandey, Melissa Carrillo, Robert William Bosman, Emina Stojkovic, Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.53514 Phytochrome proteins control the growth, reproduction, and photosynthesis of plants, fungi, and bacteria. Light is detected by a bilin cofactor, but it remains elusive how this leads to activation of the protein through structural changes.… The data reveal a twist of the D-ring, which leads to…
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Direct Observation of the Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance by Mix-and-Inject at the European XFEL
BioXFEL Publications 26 Nov 2020 Contributor(s): suraj pandey, George Douglas Calvey, Andrea Katz, Tek Narsingh Malla, Faisal Hammad Mekky Koua, Ishwor Poudyal, Jay-How Yang, Kara Zielinski, Matthias Frank, Rebecca Jeanne Jernigan, Mitchell Miller, Garrett Charles Nelson, Abbas Ourmazd, John Spence, Peter Schwander, Henry Chapman, Petra Fromme, George Phillips, Lois Pollack, Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.24.396689 AbstractIn this study, we follow the diffusion and buildup of occupancy of the substrate ceftriaxone in M. tuberculosis β-lactamase BlaC microcrystals by structural analysis of the enzyme substrate complex at single millisecond time resolution.… We use the ‘mix-and-inject’ technique…
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Heterogeneity in M. tuberculosis β-lactamase inhibition by Sulbactam
BioXFEL Publications 7 Sep 2023 Contributor(s): Tek Narsingh Malla, Kara Zielinski, Mark S. Hunter, Christopher Kupitz, suraj pandey, Ishwor Poudyal, Abbas Ourmazd, Petra Fromme, Peter Schwander, Henry Chapman, Emina Stojkovic, George Phillips, Lois Pollack, Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41246-1 AbstractFor decades, researchers have elucidated essential enzymatic functions on the atomic length scale by tracing atomic positions in real-time.… In this approach, enzymatic reactions are triggered by mixing substrate or ligand solutions with enzyme microcrystals. Here, we report in…
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Practical considerations for the analysis of time-resolved x-ray data
BioXFEL Publications 16 Aug 2023 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/4.0000196 The field of time-resolved macromolecular crystallography has been expanding rapidly after free electron lasers for hard x rays (XFELs) became available.… Although time-scales and data collection modalities can differ substantially between these types of light sources, the analysis of the…
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BioXFEL Publications 9 Apr 2014 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4fd00011k Jasper J. van Thor and Mark M. Warren and Craig N. Lincoln and Matthieu Chollet and Henrik Till Lemke and David M. Fritz and Marius Schmidt and Jason Tenboer and Zhong Ren and Vukica Srajer and Keith Moffat and Tim Graber Van Thor, J.J. et al., 2014. Signal to noise considerations for single crystal femtosecond…
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Time-resolved Crystallography on Protein Photoreceptors and Enzymes
BioXFEL Publications 8 Dec 2023 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781837670154-00203 Time-resolved macromolecular crystallography (TRX) unifies structure determination of biomolecules with chemical kinetics.… With TR-SFX, femtosecond time-resolution is possible and cyclic and non-cyclic macromolecular reactions can be equally well investigated.… …
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The Macromolecular Femtosecond Crystallography Instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source
BioXFEL Publications 22 Feb 2019 Contributor(s): Mark S. Hunter, Hasan Demirci, Brandon Hayes, Christopher Kupitz
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577519001577 The Macromolecular Femtosecond Crystallography (MFX) instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is the seventh and newest instrument at the world's first hard X-ray free-electron laser. It was designed with a primary focus on structural biology, employing the ultrafast pulses of X-rays from…
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BioXFEL Publications 19 Nov 2020 Contributor(s): Reza Nazari, Brian Abbey, Henry Chapman, Alice Contreras, Hasan Demirci, Matthias Frank, Brenda Hogue, Ahmad Hosseinizadeh, Mark S. Hunter, Richard Kirian, Abbas Ourmazd, Peter Schwander
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00745-2 AbstractSingle Particle Imaging (SPI) with intense coherent X-ray pulses from X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) has the potential to produce molecular structures without the need for crystallization or freezing. Here we present a dataset of 285,944 diffraction patterns from aerosolized Coliphage PR772…
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Scaling and merging time-resolved pink-beam diffraction with variational inference
BioXFEL Publications 8 Nov 2024 Contributor(s): Kara Zielinski, Lois Pollack
https://doi.org/10.1063/4.0000269 Time-resolved x-ray crystallography (TR-X) at synchrotrons and free electron lasers is a promising technique for recording dynamics of molecules at atomic resolution.… Extracting small, time-dependent changes in signal is frequently a bottleneck for practitioners.… However, the…
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Enzyme Intermediates Captured "on-the-fly" by Mix-and-Inject Serial Crystallography
BioXFEL Publications 13 Oct 2017 Contributor(s): suraj pandey, George Douglas Calvey, Andrea Katz, Christopher Kupitz, Mark S. Hunter, Max Oliver Wiedorn, Kanupriya Pande, Mitchell Miller, Shatabdi Roy-Chowdhury, Jesse David Coe, Nirupa Nagaratnam, James D Zook, Jacob Christopher Verburgt, Tyler Norwood, Ishwor Poudyal, Yun Zhao, Garrett Charles Nelson, GANESH SUBRAMANIAN, Peter Schwander, Matthias Frank, Uwe Weierstall, Nadia Zatsepin, John Spence, Petra Fromme, Henry Chapman, Lois Pollack, Lee Tremblay, Abbas Ourmazd, George Phillips, Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/202432 Ever since the first atomic structure of an enzyme was solved, the discovery of the mechanism and dynamics of reactions catalyzed by biomolecules has been the key goal for the understanding of the molecular processes that drive life on earth.… Here, we demonstrate a general method for capturing…
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First Experiments in Structural Biology at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser
BioXFEL Publications 25 May 2020
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103642 Ultrabright pulses produced in X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) offer new possibilities for industry and research, particularly for biochemistry and pharmaceuticals. The unprecedented brilliance of these next-generation sources enables structure determination from sub-micron crystals as well as…
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BioXFEL Publications 31 Jan 2024 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt, Emina Stojkovic
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/4.0000233 Time-resolved crystallography (TRX) is a method designed to investigate functional motions of biological macromolecules on all time scales.… TR serial crystallography (TR-SX) is an extension of TRLX. As the foundations of TRLX were evolving from the late 1980s to the turn of the millennium,…
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BioXFEL Publications 31 Jan 2024 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt, Emina Stojkovic
https://doi.org/10.1063/4.0000233 Time-resolved crystallography (TRX) is a method designed to investigate functional motions of biological macromolecules on all time scales.… TR serial crystallography (TR-SX) is an extension of TRLX. As the foundations of TRLX were evolving from the late 1980s to the turn of the millennium, TR-SX…
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BioXFEL Publications 24 May 2017 Contributor(s): Chelsie E Conrad, Garrett Charles Nelson, Natasha Stander, Nadia Zatsepin, James D Zook, Lan Zhu, Nirupa Nagaratnam, Shatabdi Roy-Chowdhury, Jesse David Coe, GANESH SUBRAMANIAN, Uwe Weierstall, John Spence, Vadim Cherezov, Petra Fromme, Wei Liu
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205225251700570x Crystal structure determination of biological macromolecules using the novel technique of serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) is severely limited by the scarcity of X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) sources.… Owing to the longer exposure times that are needed at synchrotrons, serial…
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Observations of phase changes in monoolein during high viscous injection
BioXFEL Publications 21 Mar 2022 Contributor(s): Mark S. Hunter, Richard Kirian, Derek Mendez, Max Oliver Wiedorn, Brian Abbey
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577522001862 Serial crystallography of membrane proteins often employs high-viscosity injectors (HVIs) to deliver micrometre-sized crystals to the X-ray beam.… However, despite the fact that the LCP is widely used with HVIs, the potential impact of the injection process on the LCP structure has not…
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Extraction of Fast Changes in the Structure of a Disordered Ensemble of Photoexcited Biomolecules
BioXFEL Publications 22 May 2013
journal-articleH.-C. Poon and M. Schmidt and D. K. SaldinPoon, H.-C., Schmidt, M. & Saldin, D.K., 2013. Extraction of Fast Changes in the Structure of a Disordered Ensemble of Photoexcited Biomolecules.… 1–5. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/750371.Using pump-probe experiments of varying time intervals between pump…
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BioXFEL Publications 2 May 2013 Contributor(s): Vadim Cherezov
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049513007942 Nonlinear optical (NLO) instrumentation has been integrated with synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) for combined single-platform analysis, initially targeting applications for automated crystal centering. Second-harmonic-generation microscopy and two-photon-excited ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy…
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Real-time observation of the initiation of RNA polymerase II transcription
BioXFEL Publications 2 Sep 2015 Contributor(s): Roger Kornberg
journal-article http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14882 Fazal, F.M. et al., 2015. Real-time observation of the initiation of RNA polymerase II transcription.
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Time-Resolved Spectra from Millivolt EELS Data
BioXFEL Publications 30 May 2014 Contributor(s): Chufeng Li, GANESH SUBRAMANIAN, John Spence
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927614000890 journal-article NSF-STC Biology with X-ray Lasers (NSF-1231306) Li, C., Subramanian, G. & Spence, J.C.H., 2014. Time-Resolved Spectra from Millivolt EELS Data.
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Structural biology in the time of COVID-19: perspectives on methods and milestones
BioXFEL Publications 22 Apr 2021 Contributor(s): Miranda Lynch, Edward Snell, Sarah EJ Bowman
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252521003948 The global COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has wreaked unprecedented havoc on global society, in terms of a huge loss of life and burden of morbidity, economic upheaval and social disruption.… Structural biology has been at the…
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Time-resolved cryogenic electron tomography for the study of transient cellular processes
BioXFEL Publications 8 May 2024 Contributor(s): Kara Zielinski, Christopher Kupitz, Mark S. Hunter, Lois Pollack
https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e24-01-0042 Cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-ET) is the highest resolution imaging technique applicable to the life sciences, enabling subnanometer visualization of specimens preserved in their near native states. The rapid plunge freezing process used to prepare samples lends itself to time-resolved studies, which…
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Time-resolved cryogenic electron tomography for the study of transient cellular processes
BioXFEL Publications 8 May 2024 Contributor(s): Kara Zielinski, Christopher Kupitz, Mark S. Hunter, Lois Pollack
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e24-01-0042 Cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-ET) is the highest resolution imaging technique applicable to the life sciences, enabling subnanometer visualization of specimens preserved in their near native states. The rapid plunge freezing process used to prepare samples lends itself to time-resolved studies, which…
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Towards a generalised approach for the time-resolved crystallographic study of enzymes
BioXFEL Publications 5 Jan 2016 Contributor(s): Edward Snell
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205327331509957x Diana C. F. Monteiro and Vijay Patel and Christopher P. Bartlett and Shingo Nozaki and Thomas D. Grant and James A. Gowdy and Gary S. Thompson and Arnout P. Kalverda and Edward H. Snell and Hironori Niki and Arwen R. Pearson and Michael E. Webb Monteiro, D.C.F. et al., 2015. Towards a generalised approach…
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Time-Resolved Contrast Variation SAXS for Studying RNA-Protein Interactions
BioXFEL Publications 15 Feb 2019 Contributor(s): Andrea Katz, George Douglas Calvey, Lois Pollack
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.1733 poster Pabit, S.A. et al., 2019. Time-Resolved Contrast Variation SAXS for Studying RNA-Protein Interactions.
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Time-resolved mixing-jet X-ray free-electron laser crystallography experiments
BioXFEL Publications 19 Dec 2017 Contributor(s): Max Oliver Wiedorn, Henry Chapman
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273317087393 journal-article Oberthuer, D. et al., 2017. Time-resolved mixing-jet X-ray free-electron laser crystallography experiments.
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Applications of microfluidic mixers for time-resolved SAXS and crystallography experiments
BioXFEL Publications 11 May 2021 Contributor(s): Kara Zielinski, Lois Pollack
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767320099663 journal-article Zielinski, K. & Pollack, L., 2020. Applications of microfluidic mixers for time-resolved SAXS and crystallography experiments.
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Time-Resolved Macromolecular Crystallography at Modern X-Ray Sources
BioXFEL Publications 1 Jun 2017 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7000-1_11 book-chapter NSF-STC Biology with X-ray Lasers (NSF-1231306) Schmidt, M., 2017. Time-Resolved Macromolecular Crystallography at Modern X-Ray Sources.
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Coherent convergent-beam time-resolved X-ray diffraction
BioXFEL Publications 10 Jun 2014
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0325 J. C. H. Spence and N. A. Zatsepin and C. Li Spence, J.C.H., Zatsepin, N.A. & Li, C., 2014. Coherent convergent-beam time-resolved X-ray diffraction.
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BioXFEL Publications 11 Apr 2015
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4916980 K. Pande and M.… Schwander and D.… Saldin Pande, K.… , 2015. Simulations on time-resolved structure determination of uncrystallized biomolecules in the presence of shot noise.
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BioXFEL Publications 18 Apr 2015 Contributor(s): Jesse David Coe, Christopher Kupitz, Shibom Basu, Chelsie E Conrad, Shatabdi Roy-Chowdhury, Petra Fromme
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.mie.2015.01.011 Jesse Coe and Christopher Kupitz and Shibom Basu and Chelsie E. Conrad and Shatabdi Roy-Chowdhury and Raimund Fromme and Petra Fromme Coe, J. et al., 2015. Crystallization of Photosystem II for Time-Resolved Structural Studies Using an X-ray Free Electron Laser.
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Transient state measurements on proteins by time-resolved crystallography
BioXFEL Publications 22 Apr 2022 Contributor(s): Tek Narsingh Malla, Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102376 journal-article NSF-STC Biology with X-ray Lasers (NSF-1231306) Malla, T. N., & Schmidt, M. (2022). Transient state measurements on proteins by time-resolved crystallography.
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Virus Dynamics Studied by Time-Resolved Small Angle X-Ray Scattering
BioXFEL Publications 15 Feb 2019 Contributor(s): Lois Pollack
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.2321 journal-article San Emeterio, J., & Pollack, L. (2019). Virus Dynamics Studied by Time-Resolved Small Angle X-Ray Scattering.
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Advances in microfluidic mixers for time-resolved structural biology with X-rays
BioXFEL Publications 23 May 2025 Contributor(s): Kara Zielinski, Lois Pollack
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12551-025-01321-x journal-article NSF-STC Biology with X-ray Lasers (NSF-1231306) Zielinski, K. A., & Pollack, L. (2025). Advances in microfluidic mixers for time-resolved structural biology with X-rays.
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BioXFEL Publications 28 Mar 2014 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt, Dilano Saldin
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4869472 Marius Schmidt and Dilano K. Saldin Schmidt, M. & Saldin, D.K., 2014. Enzyme transient state kinetics in crystal and solution from the perspective of a time-resolved crystallographer.
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BioXFEL Publications 29 Aug 2016 Contributor(s): George Douglas Calvey, Andrea Katz, Lois Pollack
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4961971 journal-article NSF-STC Biology with X-ray Lasers (NSF-1231306) Calvey, G.D. et al., 2016. Mixing injector enables time-resolved crystallography with high hit rate at X-ray free electron lasers.
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Difference structures from time-resolved small-angle and wide-angle x-ray scattering
BioXFEL Publications 17 May 2018 Contributor(s): Prakash Nepal
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.97.195426 journal-article NSF-STC Biology with X-ray Lasers (NSF-1231306) Nepal, P. & Saldin, D.K., 2018. Difference structures from time-resolved small-angle and wide-angle x-ray scattering.
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Watching proteins function with time-resolved x-ray crystallography
BioXFEL Publications 3 Jul 2017 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa7d32 journal-article Šrajer, V. & Schmidt, M., 2017. Watching proteins function with time-resolved x-ray crystallography.
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Functional Expansion of G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Shown by Time-Resolved X-Ray Scattering
BioXFEL Publications 12 Feb 2021 Contributor(s): Konstantinos Karpos, Petra Fromme, Richard Kirian
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2020.11.1003 journal-article Menon, C.S.K. et al., 2021. Functional Expansion of G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Shown by Time-Resolved X-Ray Scattering.
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Following Folding Pathways of Common Riboswitch Motifs with Time-Resolved Single-Molecule FRET
BioXFEL Publications 15 Feb 2019 Contributor(s): Lois Pollack
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.1931 poster Plumridge, A. & Pollack, L., 2019. Following Folding Pathways of Common Riboswitch Motifs with Time-Resolved Single-Molecule FRET.
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BioXFEL Publications 12 Jun 2015 Contributor(s): Chufeng Li, John Spence
journal-articleChufeng Li and Kevin Schmidt and John C. SpenceLi, C., Schmidt, K. & Spence, J.C., 2015. Data collection strategies for time-resolved X-ray free-electron laser
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BioXFEL Publications 7 Mar 2018 Contributor(s): GANESH SUBRAMANIAN, Uwe Weierstall, John Spence
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00083 journal-article NSF-STC Biology with X-ray Lasers (NSF-1231306) Subramanian, G. et al., 2018. Direct Structural and Chemical Characterization of the Photolytic Intermediates of Methylcobalamin Using Time-Resolved X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy.… 1542–1546. Available at:…
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Time-resolved structural studies with serial crystallography: A new light on retinal proteins
BioXFEL Publications 29 Jun 2015 Contributor(s): Gebhard F.X. Schertler
journal-article http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4922774 NSF-STC Biology with X-ray Lasers (NSF-1231306) Panneels, V. et al., 2015. Time-resolved structural studies with serial crystallography: A new light on retinal proteins.… 041718. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4922774. Valérie Panneels and Wenting Wu and Ching-Ju Tsai…
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Time-Resolved Crystallography at X-ray Free Electron Lasers and Synchrotron Light Sources
BioXFEL Publications 9 Dec 2015 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08940886.2015.1101324 Marius Schmidt Schmidt, M., 2015. Time-Resolved Crystallography at X-ray Free Electron Lasers and Synchrotron Light Sources.
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BioXFEL Publications 17 Mar 2023
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273322095742 journal-article Casadei, C.… , Schertler, G., Ourmazd, A., & Santra, R. (2022). Randomness in time-resolved serial crystallography data: alternatives to the binning and averaging approach.… https://doi.org/10.1107/s2053273322095742 C. Casadei and A.
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BioXFEL Publications 14 Oct 2022 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102481 journal-article Westenhoff, S., Meszaros, P., & Schmidt, M. (2022). Protein motions visualized by femtosecond time-resolved crystallography: The case of photosensory vs photosynthetic proteins.
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Towards time-resolved serial crystallography in a microfluidic device
BioXFEL Publications 26 Jun 2015 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt, Sarah Perry
Serial methods for crystallography have the potential to enable dynamic structural studies of protein targets that have been resistant to single-crystal strategies. The use of serial data-collection strategies can circumvent challenges associated with radiation damage and repeated reaction initiation. This work utilizes a microfluidic…
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Time-resolved cryogenic electron tomography using mix-and-inject microfluidic devices
BioXFEL Publications 10 Apr 2025 Contributor(s): Kara Zielinski, Christopher Kupitz, Mark S. Hunter, Lois Pollack
https://doi.org/10.1063/4.0000362 Cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-ET) is the highest resolution three-dimensional imaging technique applicable to the life sciences, enabling sub-nanometer visualization of rapidly frozen biological specimens preserved in their near native states. The rapid freezing process lends itself to time-resolved studies,…
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BioXFEL Publications 28 Nov 2017 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt, Dilano Saldin
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5016802 journal-article Schmidt, M. & Saldin, D.K., 2017. Publisher’s Note: “Enzyme transient state kinetics in crystal and solution from the perspective of a time-resolved crystallographer” [Struct.
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BioXFEL Publications 16 Sep 2013 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms140918881 journal-article Purwar, N. et al., 2013. Spectroscopic Studies of Model Photo-Receptors: Validation of a Nanosecond Time-Resolved Micro-Spectrophotometer Design Using Photoactive Yellow Protein and α-Phycoerythrocyanin.
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BioXFEL Publications 15 Sep 2022 Contributor(s): Kara Zielinski, Andrea Katz, George Douglas Calvey, Lois Pollack
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273322099715 journal-article Zielinski, K., Katz, A., Calvey, G., Pabit, S., San Emeterio, J., & Pollack, L. (2022). Chaotic advection mixer for capturing transient states of diverse biological macromolecular systems with time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering.
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X-ray scattering exhibits time-resolved view of rhodopsin activation
BioXFEL Publications 10 Feb 2023 Contributor(s): Konstantinos Karpos, Petra Fromme, Richard Kirian
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.1170 journal-article Menon, C. S. K., Karpos, K., Grant, T. D., Struts, A. V., Fried, S. D. E., Perera, S. M. D. C., Kosheleva, I. V., Salas-Estrada, L., Grossfield, A., Fromme, P., Kirian, R. A., & Brown, M. F. (2023). X-ray scattering exhibits time-resolved view of rhodopsin activation.
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Protein energy landscapes determined by five-dimensional crystallography
BioXFEL Publications 19 Nov 2013 Contributor(s): Marius Schmidt
Free-energy landscapes decisively determine the progress of enzymatically catalyzed reactions [Cornish-Bowden (2012),Fundamentals of Enzyme Kinetics, 4th ed.… Time-resolved macromolecular crystallography unifies transient-state kinetics with structure determination [Moffat (2001),Chem.… 101, 1569–1581; Schmidtet…
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Time-resolved functional expansion of visual rhodopsin detected by x-ray scattering
BioXFEL Publications 11 Feb 2022 Contributor(s): Konstantinos Karpos, Petra Fromme, Richard Kirian
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.1313 journal-article Menon, C. S. K., Karpos, K., Grant, T. D., Struts, A. V., Fried, S. D. E., Alvarez, R. C., Perera, S. M. D. C., Kosheleva, I. V., Grossfield, A., Fromme, P., Kirian, R. A., & Brown, M. F. (2022). Time-resolved functional expansion of visual rhodopsin detected by x-ray scattering.
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The three-dimensional structure of Drosophila melanogaster (6–4) photolyase at room temperature
BioXFEL Publications 29 Jul 2021 Contributor(s): suraj pandey, Emina Stojkovic, Marius Schmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2059798321005830 (6–4) photolyases are flavoproteins that belong to the photolyase/cryptochrome family. Their function is to repair DNA lesions using visible light. Here, crystal structures of Drosophila melanogaster (6–4) photolyase [Dm(6–4)photolyase] at room and cryogenic temperatures are reported. The…
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BioXFEL Publications 21 May 2021 Contributor(s): Edward Snell
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icab069 Abstract Many biological systems across scales of size and complexity exhibit a time-varying complex network structure that emerges and self-organizes as a result of interactions with the environment.… A wide range of networks exist in biology, from gene regulatory networks…
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BioXFEL Publications 2 May 2023 Contributor(s): Kara Zielinski, Andrea Katz, George Douglas Calvey, Lois Pollack
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252523003482 Advances in time-resolved structural techniques, mainly in macromolecular crystallography and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), allow for a detailed view of the dynamics of biological macromolecules and reactions between binding partners.… Most mix-and-inject approaches rely on…
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The accurate assessment of small-angle X-ray scattering data
BioXFEL Publications 24 Dec 2014 Contributor(s): Joseph Luft, Edward Snell
Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) has grown in popularity in recent times with the advent of bright synchrotron X-ray sources, powerful computational resources and algorithms enabling the calculation of increasingly complex models.… Here, a series of metrics to quantitatively describe SAXS data in an objective manner using…
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Exploiting fourth-generation synchrotron radiation for enzyme and photoreceptor characterization
BioXFEL Publications 22 Nov 2024 Contributor(s): Tek Narsingh Malla, SRINIVASAN MUNIYAPPAN, Emina Stojkovic, Shibom Basu, Marius Schmidt
https://doi.org/10.1107/s2052252524010868 The upgrade of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble, France to an Extremely Brilliant Source (EBS) is expected to enable time-resolved synchrotron serial crystallography (SSX) experiments with sub-millisecond time resolution.… Here, we report experiments emerging…
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BioXFEL Publications 15 Nov 2016 Contributor(s): Garrett Charles Nelson, Chelsie E Conrad, Jesse David Coe, Yun Zhao, Robert Dods, Chufeng Li, Mark S. Hunter, Henry Chapman, Petra Fromme, Matthias Frank, Uwe Weierstall, John Spence, Gebhard F.X. Schertler
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273316099368 Przemyslaw Nogly and Valerie Panneels and Garrett Nelson and Cornelius Gati and Tetsunari Kimura and Christopher Milne and Despina Milathianaki and Minoru Kubo and Wenting Wu and Chelsie Conrad and Jesse Coe and Richard Bean and Yun Zhao and Petra Bath and Robert Dods and Rajiv Harimoorthy and Kenneth…
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BioXFEL Publications 22 Aug 2016 Contributor(s): Garrett Charles Nelson, Chelsie E Conrad, Jesse David Coe, Yun Zhao, Robert Dods, Chufeng Li, Mark S. Hunter, Henry Chapman, Petra Fromme, Matthias Frank, Uwe Weierstall, John Spence, Gebhard F.X. Schertler
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12314 Przemyslaw Nogly and Valerie Panneels and Garrett Nelson and Cornelius Gati and Tetsunari Kimura and Christopher Milne and Despina Milathianaki and Minoru Kubo and Wenting Wu and Chelsie Conrad and Jesse Coe and Richard Bean and Yun Zhao and Petra Båth and Robert Dods and Rajiv Harimoorthy and Kenneth…
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BioXFEL Publications 20 Mar 2015 Contributor(s): Rahel Woldeyes, Michael Thompson, James Holton, James Fraser
Determining the interconverting conformations of dynamic proteins in atomic detail is a major challenge for structural biology.… Here we compare the conformational ensembles of CypA by fixed-target X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) crystallography and multitemperature synchrotron crystallography. The…
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Temperature-Jump Solution X-ray Scattering Reveals Distinct Motions in a Dynamic Enzyme:
BioXFEL Publications 22 Nov 2018 Contributor(s): Michael Thompson, James Fraser
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/476432 Correlated motions of proteins and their bound solvent molecules are critical to function, but these features are difficult to resolve using traditional structure determination techniques.… Temperature-jumps (T-jumps), through thermal excitation of the solvent, have been implemented to study…
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Visualizing a protein quake with time-resolved X-ray scattering at a free-electron laser
BioXFEL Publications 10 Aug 2014 Contributor(s): Matthias Frank, Mark S. Hunter, Richard Kirian, Christopher Kupitz, Marc Messerschmidt, Uwe Weierstall, Nadia Zatsepin, John Spence, Petra Fromme, Henry Chapman
journal-articleDavid Arnlund and Linda C Johansson and Cecilia Wickstrand and Anton Barty and Garth J Williams and Erik Malmerberg and Jan Davidsson and Despina Milathianaki and Daniel P DePonte and Robert L Shoeman and Dingjie Wang and Daniel James and Gergely Katona and Sebastian Westenhoff and Thomas A White and Andrew Aquila and Sadia Bari and…
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Serial time-resolved crystallography of photosystem II using a femtosecond X-ray laser
BioXFEL Publications 8 Jul 2014 Contributor(s): Christopher Kupitz, Shibom Basu, Nadia Zatsepin, Mark S. Hunter, Jay-How Yang, haiguang liu, Richard Kirian, Chelsie E Conrad, Stefan Hau-Riege, Marc Messerschmidt, Alexandra Ros, Shatabdi Roy-Chowdhury, Uwe Weierstall, Matthias Frank, Henry Chapman, John Spence, Petra Fromme
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13453Christopher Kupitz and Shibom Basu and Ingo Grotjohann and Raimund Fromme and Nadia A. Zatsepin and Kimberly N. Rendek and Mark S.… Shoeman and Thomas A. White and Dingjie Wang and Daniel James and Jay-How Yang and Danielle E. Cobb and Brenda Reeder and Raymond G.… Aquila and…
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BioXFEL Publications 20 Dec 2021 Contributor(s): Sabine Botha, Gihan Kaushylal Ketawala, Brandon Hayes, Christopher Kupitz, Hasan Demirci
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11121579 Since early 2020, COVID-19 has grown to affect the lives of billions globally. A worldwide investigation has been ongoing for characterizing the virus and also for finding an effective drug and developing vaccines.… Here we demonstrated the possibility of screening a variety of drugs…
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BioXFEL Publications 30 Sep 2015 Contributor(s): Rahel Woldeyes, Michael Thompson, James Holton, James Fraser
Determining the interconverting conformations of dynamic proteins in atomic detail is a major challenge for structural biology.… Here we compare the conformational ensembles of CypA by multitemperature synchrotron crystallography and fixed-target X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) crystallography. The diffraction-before-destruction…
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RNA structures and dynamics with Å resolution revealed by x-ray free-electron lasers
BioXFEL Publications 27 Sep 2023 Contributor(s): Kara Zielinski, Shuo Sui, Mark S. Hunter, Christopher Kupitz, Lois Pollack
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adj3509 RNA macromolecules, like proteins, fold to assume shapes that are intimately connected to their broadly recognized biological functions; however, because of their high charge and dynamic nature, RNA structures are far more challenging to determine.… Previously unrecognized structural…
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Single-femtosecond atomic-resolution observation of a protein traversing a conical intersection
BioXFEL Publications 15 Nov 2020
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.13.382218 The structural dynamics of a molecule are determined by the underlying potential energy landscape.… Posited almost a century ago 1, conical intersections remain the subject of intense scientific investigation 2–4. In biology, they play a pivotal role in vision, photosynthesis, and DNA…
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Mapping protein dynamics at high spatial resolution with temperature-jump X-ray crystallography
BioXFEL Publications 18 Sep 2023 Contributor(s): Iris Diane Young, James Holton, James Fraser, Michael Thompson
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41557-023-01329-4 AbstractUnderstanding and controlling protein motion at atomic resolution is a hallmark challenge for structural biologists and protein engineers because conformational dynamics are essential for complex functions such as enzyme catalysis and allosteric regulation.… Here we couple a…
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BioXFEL Publications 31 Jul 2014 Contributor(s): Henry Chapman, Marc Messerschmidt
This paper gives an account of our progress towards performing femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron diffraction on gas-phase molecules in a pump–probe setup combining optical lasers and an X-ray free-electron laser.… We also show how the strong nanosecond laser pulse used for adiabatically laser-aligning the molecules…
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BioXFEL Publications 13 Aug 2024 Contributor(s): Kara Zielinski, Lois Pollack
https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-06672-x AbstractTransglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a GTP-binding, protein-crosslinking enzyme that has been investigated as a therapeutic target for Celiac disease, neurological disorders, and aggressive cancers.… TG2 mutants that constitutively adopt an open conformation are cytotoxic to cancer cells.…
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Segmented flow generator for serial crystallography at the European X-ray free electron laser
BioXFEL Publications 10 Sep 2020 Contributor(s): Austin Echelmeier, Marc Messerschmidt, Jesse David Coe, Darren Gary Thifault, Sabine Botha, Ana Egatz-Gomez, Sahir Ilyas Gandhi, Chelsie E Conrad, Caleb Alexander Madsen, Max Oliver Wiedorn, Derek Mendez, Uwe Weierstall, John Spence, Henry Chapman, Nadia Zatsepin, Petra Fromme, Richard Kirian, Alexandra Ros
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18156-7 AbstractSerial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) with X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) allows structure determination of membrane proteins and time-resolved crystallography.… The European XFEL (EuXFEL) delivers femtosecond (fs) X-ray pulses in trains spaced 100 ms apart whereas…
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BioXFEL Publications 25 Sep 2024 Contributor(s): Kevin Gu, Megan Shelby, SRINIVASAN MUNIYAPPAN, Marius Schmidt, Sankar Raju Narayanasamy, Matthew Coleman, Matthias Frank
https://doi.org/10.1107/s1600576724007544 Compared with batch and vapor diffusion methods, counter diffusion can generate larger and higher-quality protein crystals yielding improved diffraction data and higher-resolution structures. Typically, counter-diffusion experiments are conducted in elongated chambers, such as glass capillaries, and the…
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BioXFEL Publications 12 Apr 2019 Contributor(s): Rita Graceffa, Marc Messerschmidt
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577519003308 The European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (FEL) became the first operational high-repetition-rate hard X-ray FEL with first lasing in May 2017. Biological structure determination has already benefitted from the unique properties and capabilities of X-ray FELs, predominantly through the development and…
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Examples of Biological Small Angle Scattering
BioXFEL Publications 20 Sep 2018 Contributor(s): Eaton E Lattman, Edward Snell
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199670871.003.0012 In this chapter we illustrate the biological applications of small angle scattering. We cover examples of contrast matching has been used in the neutron case and with SAXS,. time-resolved studies that have helped reveal mechanism and how SAXS or SANS as a solution technique can access information…
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Double-focusing mixing jet for XFEL study of chemical kinetics
BioXFEL Publications 6 Oct 2014 Contributor(s): Uwe Weierstall, Lois Pollack, John Spence
Several liquid sample injection methods have been developed to satisfy the requirements for serial femtosecond X-ray nanocrystallography, which enables radiation-damage-free determination of molecular structure at room temperature.… A windowless liquid mixing jet device has been designed for this purpose.… The…
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Characterization and use of the spent beam for serial operation of LCLS
BioXFEL Publications 11 Apr 2015 Contributor(s): Marc Messerschmidt
X-ray free-electron laser sources such as the Linac Coherent Light Source offer very exciting possibilities for unique research. However, beam time at such facilities is very limited and in high demand.… One such effort involves re-using the so-called spent beam that passes through the hole in an area detector after a weak…
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The Atomic, Molecular and Optical Science instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source
BioXFEL Publications 16 Apr 2015 Contributor(s): Marc Messerschmidt
The Atomic, Molecular and Optical Science (AMO) instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) provides a tight soft X-ray focus into one of three experimental endstations.… There is a suite of spectrometers and two photon area detectors available.… Recent scientific highlights illustrate the imaging,…
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BioXFEL Publications 9 Apr 2015
Multiplexing of the Linac Coherent Light Source beam was demonstrated for hard X-rays by spectral division using a near-perfect diamond thin-crystal monochromator operating in the Bragg geometry.… In this report, the structure determination of a prototypical protein was performed using serial femtosecond crystallography…
